Neanderthals Show Advanced Tool-Making Skills in Recent Findings
Recent research highlights the impressive tool-making capabilities of Neanderthals, particularly in crafting bone spear points. A study led by Golovanova et al. reveals that these prehistoric hunters skillfully worked bone into streamlined, aerodynamic shapes before hafting them onto shafts using refined tar, showcasing a level of knowledge and dexterity previously underestimated.
Despite comparisons with modern human tool production, Golovanova notes that Neanderthalmatic technologies remain in their nascent stages relative to those of Homo sapiens. However, these findings emphasize that Neanderthals were not merely imitating human techniques but were engaged in independent technological advancements.
The research also uncovers evidence of the spear point’s use. A small crack observed on the tip indicates it had been employed in hunting, with micro-CT scans revealing intricate patterns of damage consistent with hard impacts. This suggests Neanderthals targeted significant prey, as supported by bone remnants found in the Mezmaiskaya Cave, including bison and deer, alongside smaller mammals.
Also notable is a sign of resourcefulness; traces of grinding were found on the rock, indicating attempts to repair the damaged spear point, suggesting they valued these tools highly.
The findings challenge traditional views on interspecies interactions between Neanderthals and modern humans, indicating that both groups independently developed complex behaviors. Technologies like specific bone-shaping techniques and the use of ocher for decoration show that both species were advancing simultaneously, rather than one simply borrowing from the other.
This research, published in the Journal of Archaeological Science, redefines our understanding of Neanderthal capabilities and their contribution to the broader narrative of human evolution.
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